母亲节——Mother's Day

Written by aijun May 8th, 2005 8:08 AM No Comments Filed under: 精彩生活

敬重母亲、弘扬母爱的母亲节,至今已成为一个约定俗成的国际性节日。

母亲节起源于美国。1906年5月9日,美国费城的安娜·贾薇丝的母亲不幸去世,她悲痛万分。在次年母亲逝世周年忌日,安娜小姐组织了追思母亲的活动,并鼓励他人也以类似方式来表达对各自慈母的感激之情。此后,她到处游说并向社会各界呼吁,号召设立母亲节。她的呼吁获得热烈响应。1913年5月10日,美国参众两院通过决议案,由威尔逊总统签署公告,决定每年5月的第二个星期日为母亲节。这一举措引起世界各国纷纷仿效,至1948年安娜谢世时,已有43个国家设立了母亲节。

日本的母亲节也是5月的第二个星期日。节日里人们送给母亲一枝红石竹,表示祝贺。

法国首次庆祝母亲节是在1928年,节日定在5月的最后一个星期日。节日这一天,数以百万计的妈妈们,怀着喜悦的心情接受各自子女们的“节日愉快”的美好祝愿。

泰国于1976年宣布8月12日为母亲节。这一天也是泰王后丽吉的生日。节日里,全国要开展“优秀母亲”的评选活动。儿女们手持芳香馥郁的茉莉花,献给自己的母亲。

阿拉伯地区的许多国家的母亲节定在3月21日“春分”这一天。当地人认为“春分”是春天开始、一年之始,以此表示母亲的伟大。葡萄牙人的母亲节在12月8日;而印度尼西亚则定在12月22日。

母亲节在我国是地区性节日,最早是在港澳台地区有此节日。改革开放后,母亲节也为内地所接受。广东省于1988年开始,杭州等城市于1989年开始,都由各级妇联组织母亲节的庆祝活动,并把评选“好母亲”作为节日的内容之一。

在母亲节许多人将康乃馨赠给母亲,这是源于1934年5月美国首次发行母亲节纪念邮票。邮票上一位慈祥的母亲,双手放在膝上,欣喜地看着前面的花瓶中一束鲜艳美丽的康乃馨。随着邮票的传播,在许多人的心目中把母亲节与康乃馨联系起来,康乃馨便成了象征母爱之花,受到人们的敬重。康乃馨与母亲节便联系在一起了。人们把思念母亲、孝敬母亲的感情,寄托于康乃馨上,康乃馨也成为了赠送母亲不可缺少的珍贵礼品。

The earliest Mother's Day celebrations are traced back to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods.

During the 1600's, England celebrated a day called "Mothering Sunday", celebrated on the 4th Sunday of Lent . "Mothering Sunday" honored the mothers of England. During this time many of the England's poor worked as servants for the wealthy. As most jobs were located far from their homes, the servants would live at the houses of their employers. On Mothering Sunday the servants would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake, called the mothering cake, was often brought along to provide a festive touch.

As Christianity spread throughout Europe the celebration changed to honor the "Mother Church" -- the spiritual power that gave them life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival blended with the Mothering Sunday celebration . People began honoring their mothers as well as the church. 
In the United States Mother's Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace.

In 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother's Day. Ms. Jarvis persuaded her mother's church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the second anniversary of her mother's death, the 2nd Sunday of May. By the next year Mother's Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia.

Ms. Jarvis and her supporters began to write to ministers, businessman, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother's Day. It was successful, by 1911 Mother's Day was celebrated in almost every state. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother's Day a national holiday that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.

While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at different times throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother's Day on the second Sunday of May.

TAGS: 母亲节

GooglePageRank排名新算法

Written by aijun May 7th, 2005 5:08 PM No Comments Filed under: 资源分享

Google的主要变化始于2003年11月的16号,从那时候起,网上论坛就开始对此议论纷纷并产生了形形色色的推测。这种更新对一些人是坏消息,而对另外一些人却是好消息(不过大多数猜测都来自于那些认为这是坏消息的人)。Google对其变化只字不提,当然我们也别指望它会说点什么。因此,这篇文章代表了我个人的部分推测,希望它至少为读者您提供了一些“较为可靠的推测”。

除了在对搜索结果的排名方式上有一些显著变化外,Google在搜索结果的格式上亦有一些根本的改变,在我看来,这些变化在极大程度上展示了Google的整体发展方向。

我首先会回顾Google最近的变化,然后提出我对Google新策略的一些探索,并对一些不好的传言进行澄清。最后为如何在“新”Google中取得成功献上我的个人建议,供大家参考。

1-1. 总观Google新变化
现在,Google确定无疑是在进行一些新的及与以往完全不同的改变,并使得如此多查询条件受到影响,使它们的搜索结果与以往完全不同。让我们在深入挖掘其“巨大变化”之前,先来看看并未引起人们太多关注的一些较小的变化(如下所示)。于用户而言,这些小变化加起来产生了许多新的特性

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TAGS: PR